Glenohumeral ligaments
Dr Henry Knipe◉ et al.
There are three glenohumeral ligaments (GHL), which are thickenings of theglenohumeral joint capsule and are important passive stabilisers of the joint.
Gross anatomy
Superior glenohumeral ligament
- runs from the superior aspect of the glenoid and coracoid process to the fovea capitis just superior to the lesser tuberosity of the humerus
- initially anterior then anteroinferior to the long head of the biceps tendon; stabilises the biceps brachii tendon 3
Middle glenohumeral ligament
- runs from the anterosuperior glenoid, arising just inferior to the superior GHL, to the anterior aspect of the anatomic neck of the humerus
Inferior glenohumeral ligament
- sometimes referred to as the inferior glenohumeral ligament complex 4
- runs from the inferior two-thirds of the glenoid labrum and/or neck to the lateral humerus
- composed of three parts:
- anterior band
- posterior band
- axillary pouch: laxity between anterior and posterior bands
- most important of the three GHLs as it prevents dislocation at extreme range of motion and is the main stabiliser of the abducted shoulder 1, 4
Spiral glenohumeral ligament
- also referred to as fasciculus obliquus 5
- runs from the infraglenoid tubercle and triceps tendon to the lesser tubercle of the humerus where it has a joint insertion with the subscapularis tendon
- not well-known, but consistently demonstrated on both anatomic dissection and MR arthrography 5
Variant anatomy
- superior GHL is almost always present (97%) but has variable origin:
- arises with biceps brachii tendon
- arises with middle GHL
- middle GHL is variable in size and appearance 1 and absent in 30% 3
- forms part of the Buford complex
Related pathology
- humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL)
- bony humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (BHAGL lesion)
Related articles
Upper limb anatomy
- skeleton of the upper limb[+]
- joints of the upper limb
- shoulder joint
- articulations
- sternoclavicular joint
- acromioclavicular joint[+]
- glenohumeral joint
- glenoid labrum[+]
- glenohumeral ligaments
- coracohumeral ligament
- coracoacromial ligament
- scapulocostal joint (scapulothoracic joint)
- suprahumeral joint
- variants[+]
- associated structures[+]
- movements[+]
- ossification centres
- articulations
- elbow joint[+]
- wrist joint[+]
- hand joints[+]
- shoulder joint
- spaces of the upper limb[+]
- muscles of the upper limb[+]
- blood supply to the upper limb[+]
- innervation of the upper limb[+]
- lymphatic drainage of the upper limb[+]
No comments:
Post a Comment